Science school

The change in viscosity as temperature of vegetable oil changes.  As the temperature of vegetable oil increases, the flow rate becomes faster, because according to particle theory, when particles get heat, it gains energy and move faster than usual. As the temperature of vegetable oil decreases, the flow rate also becomes slower because particles gain less energy comparing to higher temperature.

                                                            Materials

 For do this experiment we needed cooking oil, beaker, thermometer, measuring cylinder, retort stand, ring clamp, plastic cup, hot plate, ruler,and stopwatch.

<>  Result: <>  <> 

Oil Temperature	20-24°C(20°C)	5-9°C (9°C)	52°C
Time	30second	52.7second	12.2second
Flow Rate	1.6ml (1.dp) per second	0.95ml (Rounded up to 2   decimal place) per second	4.098ml per second (3.dp)
Appearance	Color- light Yellow   Clear (Transparent)   Greasy/ Slippery	Color- light yellow   Clear, but contains few   frozen mass.    Greasy/ Slippery	Color-light yellow   Not very clear (Translucent)     A beaker is not transparent   due to water vapour, we cannot see through the beaker.   Producing vapour

Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space (Volume)
Volume: Measure of how much space an object takes up

Common Measurements:(cm3, m3, km3, mL, L  )

How to measure?

Regular shaped
objects (Rectangle) – Use a formula (V=l×w×h)


Liquids- Use glassware (Graduated Cylinder)









Irregular shaped object- Use principal of displacement ( Vobject= Vobject+ water - Vwater  )

Mass: measure of how much matter an object contains
Common measurement: kg, g, ton, mg

How to find- Scale

Weight: Direct measurement of the force (Pull) of gravity on an object
Common measurement: N (Newton)

How to measure?

Use formula: Fg= mg
Mass= m Gravity= g         
g= 9.81m/s²


Density: Mass per Volume, How much something has compared to its volume
Common units: g/mL , g/cm3, kg/mL,kg/m3
How to measure?
Use formula: D=m/v


Buoyancy: Force that helps you floats, upward force on an object in a fluid
Common measurement: N (Newton)
How to find?
Archimedes Principle

Positive buoyancy: Objects that are less dense than a fluid will float

Neutral buoyancy: Neutrally buoyant objects neither float nor sink. Instead, they flowing in the water. In order to be neutrally buoyant, an object must have the same density as the fluid it's placed in.

Negative buoyancy: Objects that are denser than a fluid will sink

But can you believe that clay can be float if you change its shape?

If you make clay into certain shape which is able to contain air such as boat-shape can float.

Because the shape
of clay contains air which has lower density than water, the average density of
clay and air is less than water. So it can float.

Key Terms

• Aerodynamic: Flow of air around solid objects or the effect on moving objects
• Laminar Flow: Liquid under pressure in a hyedraulic system that makes system to work
• Turbulent Flow: A broken or choppy movement of water usually caused by fast whirlpool.
• Drag: Force that mkaes body slow when it is moving through a liquid
• Streamlined: A smoothly curved narrow shape which allows an object moving slowly throgh a fluid

RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

TASK:  Find an example which is built to minimize air resistence

Topic: Golf Ball




Because of these reasons, many people tried to minimalize the air resistance
of the golf ball, and they finally succeeded when they introduced small pits on
the ball’s surface.  

This is because that pits on the ball’s surface traps air and it is this same air that creates a turbulent layer on the ball's surface making the air flow around the ball which reduce the air resistance

This experiment you will need:

•  Corn starch
• water
• Food coloring
• a case for mixing (Huge enough to step in)
• Towel/ tissue/ newspaper (you don't have to prepare all of these)

Procedure:










Conclusion: The viscosity, the measurable
thickness or resistance to flow  of this mixture is high. The fluid
could support my weight which means that the visocisty of this fluid is high enough to handle a human's weight.